THE HADITH FOR BEGINNERS: By Dr. Muhammad Zubayr Siddiqi – 1961-Page:20 INTRODUCTION (CONTD FROM 19) (Western scholars have been taking a keen interest in Hadith collection as well as in other branches of literature connected with Hadith,……..) Of these, A. Sprenger, Edward E. Salisbury, O.V. Houdas, L.Krehl, I. Goldziher, T.W. Joynboll, A.J. Wensinck have made important contributions to the study of our subject, and W.Watt., J. Schacht, J. Robson and some others are still engaged in a keen, critical study of Hadith literature, and are making some important contributions to its history and criticism. They have raised certain fundamental problems with regard to Hadith literature and its development, and have tried to solve them, applying modern methods of literary and historical criticism on the basis of their own research. The first Western scholar to do so was Sprenger, as he himself claimed. In the introduction to his Das Leben und die Lehre dies Muhammad, he, summarized the results of his research on Hadith literature. William Muir also discussed, in the introduction to his Life of Muhammad (pbuh), the reliability of Hadith. But they were far surpassed in treatment and criticism of Hadith literature by I. Goldziher, who was endowed by nature with a strong intellect and keen critical faculty, and who made a thorough study of Jewish and Christian literature. He chose Arabic language and literature in general, and Hadith literature in particular, as some of the special fields for his research. He published numerous learned articles, treatises and books on some of the collections of Hadith as well as on the history of the material and formal development of the subject. The most important of his works for our purpose is the second volume of the Muhammeddanische Studien. In it, after a preliminary survey, Goldzihr discusses the political, sectarian and cultural movements in Islamic history which influenced the material and formal development of Hadith literature. He deals with the important Hadith collections, and points out their merits and defects according to his own view. At the end of the book, he has also shown the influence of New Testament as well as of the neo-Platonic and Gnostic ideas on our subject. His general conclusion is that Hadith literature does not represent the original ideas of the Prophet (pbuh) of Islam, but rather reflects those of a much later period. It cannot, therefore, serve as a source for the ideas preached by Muhammad (pbuh), but does provide an important source of information on the history of the development of the different aspects of Islamic culture of later periods under foreign, non-Islamic Influences. RIYADH-US-SALEHEEN Chapter 149 914. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I visited the Prophet ({PBUH) while he was suffering. I said: "(O Messenger of Allah!) You suffer too much.'' He said, "Yes, I suffer as much as two men of you.'' Commentary: This Hadith also throws light on the fact that the Prophet (PBUH) was merely a human being. Besides, it tells us that one is at liberty to speak of one's suffering. 915. Sa`d bin Abu Waqqas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) came to visit me when I had a severe pain. I said: "I am suffering from such trouble as you are observing. I am a wealthy man and the only heir of mine is my daughter.'' (Then Sa`d narrated the whole incident). 916. Al-Qasim bin Muhammad reported `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: "Oh, my head.'' (It was hurting due to pain.) Thereupon the Prophet (PBUH) said, "Rather it is I who says: `Oh, my headache.''' (Then Al-Qasim narrated the complete narration). Commentary: `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) had a headache and she told the Prophet (PBUH) about it. He said, "My head too is splitting with pain.'' This means that a man can express the intensity of his pain and suffering, provided he has no intention to complain against the Will of Allah and point out his sorrow and frustration. Al-Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abu Bakr, the reporter of this Hadith, was `Aishah's nephew and one of the seven distinguished jurists of Al-Madinah.
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